What type of switch controls the navigation lights with a simple ON and OFF function?

The correct answer is that a single-pole, single-throw (SPST), two-position switch is used to control navigation lights with a simple ON and OFF function. This type of switch provides a straightforward means of switching a single electrical circuit on and off.

In the context of aircraft navigation lights, the SPST switch comes with two positions: one for turning the lights on and another for turning them off. It allows for a direct and uncomplicated operation, which is critical for ensuring that pilots can quickly activate or deactivate navigation lights as needed, without any additional complexity that might arise from other switch types.

The SPDT switch, for example, offers a more complex mechanism with the potential to conduct to two different outputs, which is not necessary for the simple on/off capability required for navigation lights. Similarly, a DPST switch can control two separate circuits simultaneously, which is over-engineered for this function. Lastly, a multi-position rotary switch provides several operational settings, which again exceeds the simplicity required for merely turning navigation lights on or off. Thus, the choice of an SPST switch is typically favored for its simplicity and effectiveness in this application.