What is the primary function of a rectifier in electrical systems?

The primary function of a rectifier in electrical systems is to change alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Rectifiers are crucial components in power supply circuits, as they allow the conversion of the AC voltage—characterized by its varying polarity and amplitude—into a unidirectional DC voltage that can be used to power electronic devices and circuits.

This conversion is essential for many electronic systems that require a stable and constant DC source for operation. Common applications of rectifiers include power supplies for computers, battery chargers, and other electronic devices where a consistent DC voltage is needed.

A rectifier achieves this conversion through semiconductor devices like diodes that only allow current to flow in one direction, effectively “clipping” the negative portion of the AC waveform to produce a DC output. This ability to rectify is foundational to modern electronics and power management, establishing the rectifier's importance in electrical systems.