What is "inrush current" in the context of aviation electrical systems?

Inrush current refers specifically to the initial surge of current that occurs when power is first applied to an electrical circuit. This phenomenon is particularly significant in aviation electrical systems, where various components, such as electric motors and transformers, may draw significantly higher current momentarily compared to their normal operating levels.

When power is applied, these devices often require a large amount of current to overcome initial inertia, inductance, or to build up magnetic fields, resulting in a spike in current flow. Understanding inrush current is crucial for electrical engineering and maintenance in aviation because it can affect circuit breakers, protective devices, and overall power management within the aircraft. Properly accounting for inrush current helps ensure reliable performance and helps prevent damage to electrical systems caused by these high initial current levels.