During ground operations, how is aircraft generator cooling typically accomplished?

The aircraft generator cooling during ground operations is typically accomplished by an integral fan. This fan is usually built into the generator assembly itself and is designed to provide adequate airflow over the generator's components while the aircraft is on the ground.

The integral fan actively draws in ambient air and directs it over the generator, helping to dissipate heat generated during operation. This method is efficient and ensures that the generator maintains optimal operating temperatures, preventing overheating that could lead to damage or system failure.

Other methods, such as using an external motor-driven fan or cooling via a heat exchanger, may be applied in different systems or scenarios but are not the standard approach for generator cooling during ground operations. Additionally, continuously circulating coolant fluid is more characteristic of liquid-cooled systems found in other components, rather than a direct method for cooling generation units in aircraft.